Education and
Professional Achievements


LOREN W. ACTON
Research Professor of Physics
Montana State University

EXPERIENCE

• 1993-present
  Research Professor of Physics, Department of Physics
  Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA 59717
• 1964-1993
  LOCKHEED PALO ALTO RESEARCH LABORATORY
  Lockheed Missiles and Space Co., Inc.
  Palo Alto, California, USA 94304
• 1985-1993
  Senior Consulting Scientist, Physical & Electronic Sciences Laboratory.
  
  • Carried out research in solar and cosmic astronomy utilizing space instrumentation. Provides consultation and guidance to other groups in fields of specialization. Activities on space astronomy programs have included all scientific, technical and management aspects of the work from conception of investigation through proposal, hardware, execution and data analysis phases to final publication of the results. Serves on national and international scientific committees and panels. Payload specialist on SPACELAB 2 mission.
• 1977-1979
  Research Affiliate of the UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII
  
  • Collaborated and advised on solar and cosmic space astronomy programs.
• l970-l985
  LOCKHEED MISSILES and SPACE CO. INC., Staff Scientist
  
  • Leader of Space Astronomy Group. Responsible for several space flight experiments for solar X-ray studies. Collaborated on cosmic X-ray research.
• l97l-l972
  ARBEITSGRUPPE FUR PHYSIKALISCHE WELTRAUMFORSCHUNG, Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany
  
  • Visiting scientist analyzing solar X-ray data and developing international cooperative program in solar studies from rockets.
• l968-l97l
  Director of Lockheed Solar Observatory.
• l968-l969
  UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, INSTITUTE FOR ASTRONOMY, Associate Astronomer
  
  • Analyzed solar and extra-solar X-ray data from rocket experiments and consulted on the University of Hawaii solar rocket project.
• l966-l970
  LOCKHEED MISSILES and SPACE CO. INC., Research Scientist
  
  • Principal Investigator in experimental research program studying solar radiation of X-ray wavelengths.
• l964-l966
  LOCKHEED MISSILES and SPACE CO., INC., Associate Research Scientist; Graduate Study Scientist
  
  • Assisted in preparation of flight instrumentation for X-ray astronomy experiments from Aerobee rockets and the first Orbiting Astronomical Observatory, and helped reduce rocket flight data.
• l962-l964
  HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERVATORY, Boulder, Colorado. Research Assistant
  
  • Analyzed and interpreted solar X-ray data and studied the geophysical effects of this emission as part of the research-connected doctoral dissertation for the University of Colorado.

EDUCATION

• Ph.D., Astro-Geophysics, l965
  University of Colorado
  
  • Thesis: "X-Radiation of the Sun".
• B.S. (with honors), Engineering Physics, l959
  Montana State University, Bozeman.
• Junior and High Schools
  Billings, Montana

MEMBERSHIPS

• American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
• American Astronomical Society (AAS)
• Association of Space Explorers (founding member, 1985)
• Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP)
• International Academy of Astronautics
• International Astronomical Union (IAU)
  • Commission l0 - Solar Activity
  • Commission l2 - Radiation and Structure of the Solar Atmosphere
  • Commission 44 - Astron. Obs. from Outside the Terrestrial Atmosphere
• Phi Eta Sigma (Scholastic Honorary, Freshman class)
• Phi Kappa Phi (Scholastic Honorary)
• Pi Mu Epsilon (Scholastic Honorary, Mathematics)
• Sigma Xi (Professional and Scholastic Society, Science)
• Tau Beta Pi (Professional and Scholastic Society, Engineering)

AWARDS & HONORS

• Fellowship, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, l959-60.
• Fellowship, Ford Foundation, l960-6l.
• 1986 Spaceflight Achievement award of American Astronautical Society.
• National Advisory Board, Museum of the Rockies, Bozeman, MT, 1987.
• Robert E. Gross award for technical excellence, Lockheed Corp, 1988.
• Honorary Doctor of Science from Montana State University, 1988.
• Corresponding Member of the International Academy of Astronautics, 1988.
• Best lecture, Cal Poly AIAA student chapter, San Luis Obispo, 1988.
• Fellow of Am. Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, 1989.
• Honorary Judge, Montana Science Fair, Billings, 1991.
• Advisory Board, Planetary Studies Foundation, Palatine, IL, 1989.
• NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal, 1993
• 100 Centennial Alumni, Montana State University, 1993
• Elected Full Member of the International Academy of Astronautics, 1993.
• Wiley Award for meritorious research, Mont. State Univ., 1996.
• Globeroot of Globetree, Stockhom, Sweden, 1998.
• Honorary Doctor of Science from Univ. of Colorado-Boulder, 2000.
• George Ellery Hale prize of Solar Physics Div., Am. Astron. Soc., 2000.
• 21st Bunyan Lecturer, Stanford University, 2001.
• Blue & Gold achievement award from MSU Alumni Assoc., 2002

SPECIAL ACTIVITIES

• l964-Present
  • Principal Investigator on NASA solar research programs including 8 rocket experiments, the Mapping X-Ray Heliometer on Orbiting Solar Observatory-8, X-Ray Polychromator for the Solar Maximum Mission, and the Soft X-Ray Telescope for the Japan/US/UK Yohkoh Mission.
• l973
  • Participant in 2 week study on Scientific Uses of the Space Shuttle convened by the Space Science Board of the National Academy of Sciences, Woods Hole, Mass.
• l973-l976
  • Member of organizing committee of Commission l0 (Solar Activity) of the I.A.U.
• l975-l979
  • Chairman of solar physics spacelab facility definition team for quick reaction and special purpose experiments for NASA.
• l976
  • Served on ad hoc working group for Spacelab experiment pointing mounts convened by Jet Propulsion Laboratory for NASA.
  • Nominating Committee, Solar Physics Division (SPD) of the AAS
• l976-l979
  • Member of organizing committee of Commission 44 (Astron. Obs. from Outside the Terrestrial Atmos.) of the I.A.U.
• l977-l981
  • Vice Chairman/Chairman/Vice Chairman of SPD - AAS
• l978-l98l
  • Member of the AURA Visiting Committee for Sacramento Peak Observatory.
• l980
  • Served on NASA Spacelab Utilization Review Committee, (the "Ross Committee")
• l982-l985
  • Nominating Committee, Section on Astronomy, Am. Assoc. for the Advancement of Science.
• l983
  • Doctoral Committee for Stanley Mrowka, Department of Physics, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London.
  • Doctoral Committee for Todd A. Gunkler, Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, LaJolla.
• l984
  • Chairman of Scientific Programs Evaluation Committee for the High Altitude Observatory.
  • Chairman of ad hoc NASA Committee to formulate a scientific strategy for the next solar maximum.
• 1978-1986
  • Payload Specialist for Spacelab 2 mission (STS 51-F). Primarily responsible for on-orbit solar observing and other scientific experiment operation. Mission flown on space shuttle Challenger 29 July-6 August 1985.
• 1987
  • Member of Space and Earth Science Advisory Committee to NASA.
• 1988-1991
  • Member of Space Science and Applications Advisory Committee to NASA.
• 1989
  • Participant in workshop on Policy Alternatives for Space Science, the Space Station, and Space Transportation, Univ. of CO.
  • Member of the "Policy Opportunities" Panel of Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee of the National Academy of Sciences.
• 1987-2001
  • U.S. Principal Investigator on the Soft X-ray Telescope experiment on the Japanese/US/UK Yohkoh (meaning "sunbeam") mission for the study of high energy phenomena on the sun. Yohkoh was launched in Japan on 30 Aug 1991, science operations continued until 14 Dec 2001. Responsible for all aspects of the experiment including design, fabrication and test of the instrument as well as the US SXT science program and mission operations in Japan.
• 1995
  • Chair of NASA proposal review panel for Mid-class Explorers in the discipline of Space Physics.
• 1996
  • Member of NASA Sun-Earth Connections Strategic Planning/Integration Team.
• 1997
  • Member of Advisory Panel for the NASA-funded Center for Educational Resources at Montana State University.
  • Member of NASA Solar-B Science Definition Team.
• 1998
  • Served on NASA proposal peer-review committee for the Solar Influences on Global Change program.
• 1999
  • Chaired NASA peer-review committee for Solar Stereo mission proposal review panel.
• 2000-2006
  • Member of AURA Solar Observatory Council.
• 2003-2006
  • Chair of AURA Solar Observatory Council and member of the AURA Board of Directors.
• 2004
  • Member of NASA science and technology definition team for the Solar Probe mission.

INVITED PRESENTATIONS

"Spectroscopic Studies of the Solar Corona at X-Ray Wavelengths"

to the Royal Society Discussion Meeting on the Physics of the Solar Atmosphere, London, January l975.

"Studies of the Solar Corona"

C. W. Allen Lecture, University College London, January 1975.

"Instrumentation for Solar and Cosmic X-Ray Spectroscopy"

to the Symp. on the Techniques of Solar and Cosmic X-Ray Spectroscopy, Mullard Space Science Lab., University College London, May l975.

"Solar Flares"

to special session on Current Major Problems in Solar Physics sponsored by the Solar Physics Division of the A.A.S. at the l46th Meeting, San Diego, August l975.

"An Overview of the Solar Maximum Mission"

to the Workshop on the Atomic Physics Needs of the Solar Maximum Mission, Culham Laboratory, Abingdon, England, July l977.

"X-Ray Spectrometry in Space"

to the Pacific Conf. on Chem. and Spectroscopy sponsored by the Soc. for Appl. Spectroscopy and the Am. Chem. Soc., San Francisco, September l978.

"Lockheed Experiments in Solar Physics"

at the Second Lockheed Technology Symposium, Nat'l Press Club, Washington, D. C., July 1979.

"Observational Insights into Solar/Stellar Problems from the Solar Maximum Mission"

NATO Adv. Study Inst. on Solar Phenomena in Stars and Stellar Systems, France, September 1980.

"Towards Understanding Solar Flares"

Third Lockheed Technology Symposium, Nat'l Press Club, Washington, D. C., September 1981.

"The Solar Flare Plasma Machine"

Plasma Physics Division of the American Physical Soc., New York, October 1981.

"Flare Classification, Fact or Fancy?"

Royal Astronomical Society Discussion Meeting on Solar Flares, London, December 1981.

"Observational Studies of Chromospheric Evaporation"

Hinotori Symposium, Tokyo, October 1982.

"The Solar-A Soft X-ray Telescope Experiment"

COSPAR XXVII, Helsinki, July 1988.

"Solar Physics, Space Exploration and the Environment"

Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, May 1990.

"First Results from the Yohkoh SXT Experiment"

Am. Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA, December 1991.

"X-ray Movies of the Solar Corona"

ESA conference on Spatio-Temporal Analysis for Resolving Plasma Turbulence, Aussois, France, January 1993

"Results from the Yohkoh/SXT Experiment"

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, March 1993.

Solar/Astrophysics panelist

Skylab, Spacelab, Space Station and Beyond Conference, Huntsville, AL, May 1993

"General Structure of the X-ray Corona"

IAU Colloq. 144 on Solar Coronal Structures, Tatranska Lomnica, Slovak Republic, September 1993.

"Radiative Energy Losses of the Solar Corona"

Am. Geophysical Union, Baltimore, MD, May 1994.

"Solar eruptions - links between CMEs and X-ray Flares"

Colloquium at High Altitude Observatory, Boulder, CO, 13-Apr-95.

"Structure of the Solar Corona: Local and Global"

IAU Colloq. 153 on Magnetodynamic Phenomena in the Solar Atmosphere - Prototypes of Stellar Magnetic Activity", Makuhari, Japan, May 1995.

"Survey of 4 Years of Solar Observations by YOHKOH"

XXI General Assembly of the IUGG, Boulder, CO, July 1995.

"Results from Yohkoh"

The Structure and Dynamics of the Solar Atmosphere—the BBSO Legacy, Big Bear, CA, 19-Sep-95.

"Yohkoh SXT Imaging of the Solar Corona"

9th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, Florence, Italy, October 1995

"X-ray Signatures of Coronal Mass Ejections"

Chapman Conference on Coronal Mass Ejections, Causes and Consquences, Bozeman, MT, August 1996.

More than 200 popular and school lectures based on the SPACELAB 2 mission.

PUBLICATIONS

"Some Relationships Between Short Wave Fadeouts, Magnetic Crochets and Solar Flares,"

J. Geophys. Res., 66, 3060, l96l.

"Effects of Intermittent Operation of Flare Patrols on Observed Flare Frequency,"

Astron. J., 67, l09, l962.

"Observations of Solar X-Ray Emission in the 8-20A Band,"

with T.A. Chubb, R.W. Kreplin, and J.F. Meekins, J. Geophys. Res., 68, 3335, l963.

"Inverse Compton Effect as a Possible Cause of the X-Ray Radiation of Solar Flares,"

Nature, 204, 64, l964.

"Contribution of Characteristic X-Rays to the Radiation of Solar Flares,"

Nature, 207, 737, l965.

"Solar X-Ray Observations by Injun I,"

with J.A. Van Allen, L.A. Frank, and B. Maehlum, J. Geophys. Res., 70, l639, l965.

"Solar X-Ray Interactions with Earth's Upper Atmosphere and Their Effects on Space and Ballistic Systems,"

Trans. Tenth Symp. on Space and Ballistic Missile Technology, l965

"Observations of Cosmic X-Rays,"

with P.C. Fisher, H.M. Johnson, W.C. Jordan and A.J. Meyerott, Astrophys. J., l43, 203, l966.

"Resolution of X-Ray Sources at Low Galactic Longitude,"

with P.C. Fisher, W.C. Jordan, A.J. Meyerott and D.T. Roethig, Nature, 2ll, 920, l966.

"The Interesting Loop Prominence of July 20, l96l,"

Publ. Astron. Soc. of the Pacific, 78, 438, l966.

"X-Ray Spectra of Several Cosmic Sources,"

with P.C. Fisher, W.C. Jordan, A.J. Meyerott and D.T. Roethig, Ap.J., l47, l209, l967.

"Spectrographic Observations of the Flare of July 20, l96l,"

with H. Zirin, Ap.J., l48, 50l, l967.

"Observations of Galactic X-Ray Sources,"

with P.C. Fisher, W.C. Jordan, A.J. Meyerott and D.T. Roethig, Ap.J., l5l, l, l968.

"A Unique Rocket-Borne Data Handling System for Solar X-Ray Studies,"

with R.D. Reed, J.C. Bakke and J.B. Reagan, IEEE Trans. on Nuclear Science, NS-l5, 252, l968.

"Observations of Energetic X-Rays From Quiescent Solar Active Regions,"

with P.C. Fisher, Structure and Development of Solar Active Regions, Kiepenheuer, ed. (Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht-Holland), 432, l968.

"X-Ray and Microwave Emission of the Sun with Special Reference to the Events of July l96l,"

Ap.J., l52, 305, l968.

"Lockheed Solar Observatory,"

Solar Phys., 6, 485, l969.

"X-Ray Photometry of Ml,"

with R.C. Catura, P.C. Fisher and D.T. Roethig, Pub. Astron. So. Pacific, 82, 653, l970.

"Localization of Solar X-Ray Emission at Energies Above 3 keV,"

with R.C. Catura and P.C. Fisher, Nature, 227, 55, l970.

"X-Ray Line Emission From Scorpius XR-l,"

with R.C. Catura, J.L. Culhane and P.C. Fisher, Ap.J. (Letters), l6l, Ll75, l970.

"Simplified Thermal Continuum Function for the X-Ray Emission From Coronal Plasmas,"

with J.L. Culhane, Monthly Notices R.A.S., l5l, l4l, l970.

"Simultaneous Rocket and Satellite Observations of the Solar X-Ray Spectrum in the 3-l5 keV Range,"

with J.L. Culhane and R.C. Catura, Bull. of Amer. Astron. Soc., 2, 307, l970.

"A Rocket-Borne X-Ray Spectrometer/Monochromator System for Mapping the Solar Corona,"

with R.C. Catura, J.L. Culhane and A.J. Meyerott, New Techniques in Space Astronomy, Labuhn and Lust, eds. (Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht-Holland), p. l8l, l97l.

"Helium-Like Line Emission From Coronal Features,"

with R.C. Catura, A.J. Meyerott and J.L. Culhane, Nature, 233, 75, l97l.

"Mapping the Solar Corona and X-Ray Lines of O VII and Ne IX,"

with R.C. Catura, A.J. Meyerott and J.L. Culhane, Space Science Rev., ll, 232, l972.

"Coronal Survey in X-Ray Lines of O VII and Ne IX,"

with R.C. Catura, A.J. Meyerott, C.J. Wolfson and J.L. Culhane, Solar Phys., 26, l83, l972.

"X-Ray Study of Solar Plage Regions and a Small Flare,"

with R.C. Catura and J.L. Culhane, Space Res. XIII, M. Rycroft and S. runcorn, eds. (Akademic-Verlag, Berlin), p. 78l, l973.

"Solar Activity-Space Measurements,"

Draft report for I.A.U. Commission l0 (D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht-Holland) l974.

"Cooling of Solar Flare Plasmas,"

with W.T. Zaumen, Solar Phys., 36, l39, l974.

"The Extended X-Ray Source in Virgo and Its Relation to M 87,"

with R.C. Catura, H.M. Johnson and W.T. Zaumen, Astrophys. J., l90, 52l, l974.

"The Solar X-Ray Spectrum,"

with J.L. Culhane, Ann. Rev. of Astron. and Astrophys., l2, G.R. Burbidge, ed. (Ann. Reviews, Inc., Palo Alto), p. 359, l974.

"Solar X-Ray Spectroscopy with Spatial Resolution,"

with R.C. Catura and E.G. Joki, Proc. Int'l Conf. on X-Rays in Space, University of Calgary, l974.

"Rocket Observations of the Perseus X-Ray Source,"

with R.C. Catura, Proc. Int'l Conf. on X-Rays in Space, University of Calgary, l974.

"Oxygen-to-Neon Abundance Ratio in the Solar Corona,"

with R.C. Catura and E.G. Joki, Astrophys. J., l95, L93, l975.

"Intense Soft X-Ray Flux from Her X-l,"

with R.C. Catura, Ap.J. (Letters), 202, L5, l975.

"Spatially Resolved X-Ray Spectra of Coronal Active Regions,"

with R.C. Catura, E.G. Joki, C.G. Rapley and J.L. Culhane, in Solar Gamma-, X-, and EUV Radiation (S. Kane, ed.), p. 67, l975.

"Evidence for X-Ray Emission from Capella,"

with R.C. Catura, H.M. Johnson, Ap.J. (Letters), l96, L47, l975.

"Spectroscopic Studies of the Solar Corona at X-Ray Wavelengths,"

with R.C. Catura, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London A., 28l, 383, l976.

"Design and Fabrication of Multigrid X-Ray Collimators,"

with E.G. Joki and R.J. Salmon, Space Science Instrumentation, 2, p. l59, l976.

"Instrumentation for Solar and Cosmic X-Ray Spectroscopy,"

with R.C. Catura, Space Science Instrumentation, 2, p. 445, l976.

"2-30 KeV X-Ray Data From OSO-8,"

with C.J. Wolfson, D.T. Roethig and K.L. Smith, in Collected Data Reports for STIP Interval II - Report UAG-6l, H.E. Coffey and J.A. McKinnon, eds. (World Data Center - A, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado 80302), p. l87, l977.

"Bent Crystal Spectrometer for Solar X-Ray Spectroscopy,"

with C.G. Rapley, J.L. Culhane, R.C. Catura, E.G. Joki and J.C. Bakke, Rev. Sci. Instr., 48, p. ll23, l977.

"Diffraction Properties of Hydrogen - Phthalate - Crystals inn the 0.l-2nm Region,"

with P. Seidl and G. Schmidtke, Applied Optics, l6, p. 578, l977.

"Iron-Line X-Ray Emission from Solar Plasma: Comments on Ionization Equilibrium and Line Excitation,"

with R.C. Catura and D.T. Roethig, Ap.J., 2l8, l977.

"Demand-Type Gas Supply System for Rocket Borne Thin-Window Proportional Counters,"

with R. Caravalho, R.C. Catura and E.G. Joki, Rev. Sci. Instr., 48, p. l504, l977.

"Early Evolution of an X-Ray Emitting Solar Active Region,"

with C.J. Wolfson, J.W. Leibacher and D.T. Roethig, Solar Phys., 55, p. l8l, l977.

"Evolution of the X-Ray Emitting Corona Preceding and After Major Solar Events,"

with C.J. Wolfson, D.T. Roethig and M. Walt in Proc. of COSPAR Symp. B, report AFGL-TR-77-0309, p. 295, l978.

"Solar X-Ray Spectroscopy with Bent Crystal Spectrometer (BCS),"

with C.G. Rapley, J.L. Culhane, R.C. Catura, E.G. Joki and J.C. Bakke, New Instrumentation for Space Astronomy, H. van derr Hucht and G.S. Vaiana, eds. (Pergamon Press, Oxford and New York), p. l2l, l978.

"Does the Emission Measure Decrease During the Start of a Soft X-Ray Flare?,"

C.J. Wolfson, L.W. Acton and D.W. Datlowe, Solar Phys., 59, 373-378, l978.

"Radiative Transfer of X-Rays in the Solar Corona,"

Ap.J., 226, l978.

"Temperature and Ionization Balance Dependence of O VII Line Ratios,"

with W.A. Brown, Ap.J., 226, l978.

"An Investigation of the 1.9 A Feature in Solar-Flare X-ray Spectra,"

J. H. Parkinson, N. J. Veck, M. E. C. Ashfield, J. L. Culhane, W. H. M. Ku, J. R. Lemen, R. Novick, L. W. Acton and C. J. Wolfson, Astrophysical Journal, 231, 551-556, 1979.

"Paraboloidal X-ray Telescope Mirror for Solar Coronal Spectroscopy,"

W. A. Brown, E. C. Bruner, Jr., L. W. Acton, A. Franks, M. Stedman, R. J. Speer, SPIE Vol. 184 Space Optics - Imaging X-ray Optics Workshop, 278-284, 1979.

"High-Resolution Lyman-Alpha Filtergrams of the Sun,"

R. M. Bonnet, E. C. Bruner, Jr., L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, M. Decaudin, Astrophysical Journal, 237, L47-L50, 1980.

"X-rays, Filament Activity and Flare Prediction,"

J. M. Mosher and L. W. Acton, Solar Physics, 66, 105-111, 1980.

"X-ray Spectrometer Spectrograph Telescope System,"

E. C. Bruner, Jr., L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, S. W. Salat, A. Franks, G. Schmidtke, W. Schweizer and R. J. Spees, Optical Engineering, 19, 433-437, 1980.

"The Soft X-ray Polychromator for the Solar Maximum Mission,"

L. W. Acton, J. L. Culhane, A. H. Gabriel, R. D. Bentley, J. A. Bowles, J. G. Firth, M. L. Finch, C. W Gilbreth, P. Guttridge, R. W. Hayes, E. G. Joki, B. B. Jones, B. J. Kent, J. W. Leibacher, R. A. Nobles, T. J. Patrick, K. J. H. Phillips, C. G. Rapley, P. H. Sheather, J. C. Sherman, J. P. Stark, L. A. Springer, R. F. Turner, and C. J. Wolfson, Sol. Phys. 65, 53-71, 1980.

"Large-aperture High-Resolution X-ray Collimator for the Solar Maximum Mission,"

R. A. Nobles, L. W. Acton, E. G. Joki, J. W. Leibacher, and R. C. Peterson, Applied Optics, 19, 2957, 1980.

"Early Results from the Soft X-Ray Polychromator Experiment,"

A. H. Gabriel, J. L. Culhane, L. W. Acton, E. Antonucci, R. D. Bentley, C. Jordan, J. W. Leibacher, A. N. Parmar, K. J. H. Phillips, C. G. Rapley, C. J. Wolfson, and K. T. Strong, J. Space Res. 1, 267, 1981.

"Solar Observations Using the Soft X-Ray Polychromator Experiment on SMM,"

with E. Antonucci, C.J. Wolfson, C.G. Rapley, J.L. Culhane and A.H. Gabriel, published in Proceedings of International Workshop, Simferopol l98l, Moscow, Izmiran, l98l.

"X-Ray Spectra of Solar Flares Obtained with a High Resolution Bent Crystal Spectrometer,"

with J.L. Culhane, A.H. Gabriel, C.G. Rapley, K.J. Phillips, C.J. Wolfson, E. Antonucci, R.D. Bentley, R.C. Catura, C. Jordan, M.A. Kayat, B.J. Kent, J.W. Leibacher, A.N. Parmar, J.C. Sherman, L.A. Springer, K.T. Strong, and N.J. Veck, Astrophysical Journal, 224, Ll4l-l45, l98l.

"Observations of the Limb Solar Flare on l980 April 30 with the SMM X-Ray Polychromator,"

with A.H. Gabriel, J.L. Culhane, K.J. Phillips. C.J. Wolfson, C.G. Rapley, E. Antonucci, R.D. Bentley, C. Jordan, M.A. Kayat, J. Leibacher, M. Levay, J.C. Sherman, K.T. Strong and N.J. Veck, Astrophysical Journal, 224, L147, l981.

"Observations of a Post-Flare Burst in X-Rays,"

Z. Svestka, R. T. Stewart, P. Hoyng, W. Van Tend, L. W. Acton, A. H. Gabriel, C. G. Rapley, A. Boelee, E. C. Bruner, C. de Jager, H. Lafleur, G. Nelson, G. M. Simnett, H. F. Van Beek and W. J. Wagner, Sol. Phys. 75, 305-329, 1982.

"Impulsive Phase of Flares in Soft X-ray Emission,"

E. Antonucci, A. H. Gabriel, L. W. Acton, J. L. Culhane, G. J. Doyle, J. W. Leibacher, M. Machado, L. E. Orwig and C. G. Rapley, Sol. Phys. 78, Vol. 1, 107-124, 1982.

"Chromospheric Evaporation in a Well-Observed Compact Flare,"

with R. Canfield, T. Gunkler, H. Hudson, A. Kiplinger and J. Leibacher, Astrophysical Journal, 263, 409-422, l982.

"Solar Flare X-Ray Spectra From the SMM Flat Crystal Spectrometer,"

with K.J.H. Phillips, J.W. Leibacher, C.J. Wolfson, J.H. Parkinson, B.C. Fawcett, B.J. Kent, H.E. Mason, J.L. Culhane and A.H. Gabriel, Astrophysical Journal, 256, 774-787, l982.

"Observational Studies of Chromospheric Evaporation,"

Proc. of Hinotori Symposium on Solar Flares, Inst. of Space and Astronautical Science, Tokyo, 1982.

"Rocket Photographs of Fine Structure and Wave Patterns in the Solar Temperature Minimum,"

R. M. Bonnet, M. Bruner, L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, M. Decaudin and B. Foing, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 111, 125-129, 1982.

"Flare Classification--Fact or Fancy, A Review of the Day's Discussion,"

L. W. Acton, The Observatory, Vol. 102, No. 1049, 123-124, August 1982.

"High Resolution Large Area Modular Array of Reflectors (LAMAR) Wolter Type-I X-ray Telescope for Spacelab,"

R. C. Catura, L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, C. W. Gilbreth, L. A. Springer, J. R. Vieira, J. L. Culhane, I. W. Mason, O. Siegmund, T. J. Patrick, P. H. Sheather, K. A. Pounds, B. A. Cooke, K. Evans, J. Dye, G. Smith, A. Wells, J. E. Spragg, C. H. Whitford, G. Garmine, B. Margon, A. Fabian, A. Franks, B. Gale, K. Lindsey and M. Stedman, Optical Engineering, 22, 132-139, 1983.

"Transport and Contaminant of Plasma Particles and Energy Within Flares,"

with W.A. Brown, M.E. Bruner, B. Haisch and K. Strong, Solar Physics, 86, 79-90, 1983.

"X-Ray Line Widths and Coronal Heating,"

with J.L. Culhane, A.H. Gabriel, C.G. Rapley, K.J.H. Phillips, E. Antonucci, R.D. Bentley, R.W. Hayes, E.G. Joki, C. Jordan, M.A. Kayat, B. Kent, J.W. Leibacher, R.A. Nobles, A.N. Parmar, K.T. Strong, and J.N. Veck, Astrophysical Journal, 224, Ll37-Ll40, l983.

"Closed Coronal Structures. V. Gasdynamic Models of Flaring Loops and Comparison with SMM Observations,"

R. Pallavicini, G. Peres, S. Serio, G. Vaiana, L. Acton, J. Leibacher, and R. Rosner, Astrophysical Journal, 270, 270-287, July 1, 1983.

"SMM Observations of Ka Radiation from Fluorescence of Photospheric Ions by Solar Flare X-rays,"

Astrophysical Journal, April 1984.

"A Consistent Picture of Coronal and Chromospheric Processes in a Well-Observed Solar Flare,"

T. A. Gunkler, R. C. Canfield, L. W. Acton, A. L. Kiplinger, Astrophysical Journal, 285, 835-842, October 15, 1984.

"Rocket Spectrogram of a Solar Flare in the 10-100 A Region,"

L. W. Acton, M. E. Bruner, W. A. Brown, B. C. Fawcett, W. Schweizer, R. J. Speer, Astrophysical Journal, 291, 865-878, April 15, 1985.

"Energy Release Topology in a Multiple-Loop Solar Flare,"

C. C. Cheng, R. Pallavicini, L. W. Acton, E. Tandberg-Hanssen, Astrophysical Journal, 298, 887-897, November 15, 1985.

"Electron Density Diagnostics in the 10-100 A Interval for a Solar Flare,"

W. A. Brown, M. E. Bruner, L. W. Acton, H. E. Mason, Astrophysical Journal, 301, 981-988, February 15, 1986.

"X-ray Photographs of a Solar Active Region with a Multilayer Telescope at Normal Incidence,"

J. H. Underwood, M. E. Bruner, B. M. Haisch, W. A. Brown, L. W. Acton, Science, 238, 61-64, October 2, 1987.

"The Diagnostics of Astrophysical Plasmas, Using the Oxygen VII Soft X-Ray Lines,"

A. H. Gabriel, F. Bely-Dubau, P. Faucher, L. W. Acton, Journal de Physique, 49, 235-238, 1988.

"Soft X-Ray Images of the Solar Corona Using Normal Incidence Optics,"

M. E. Bruner, B. M. Haisch, W. A. Brown, L. W. Acton, J. H. Underwood, Journal de Physique, Colloque C. Suppl no. 3, vol 49, 115-118, 1988.

"The Solar-A Soft X-ray Telescope Experiment,"

L. Acton, M. Bruner, W. Brown, J. Lemen, T. Hirayama, S. Tsuneta, T. Watanabe, and Ogawara, Y., Adv. Space Res., 8, No. 11, 93-99 (1988).

"The Soft X-Ray Telescope for the Solar-A Mission,"

M. E. Bruner, L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, R. A. Stern, T. Hirayama, S. Tsuneta, T. Watanabe, and Y. Ogawara, in `Proceedings of the 1988 Yosemite Conference on Outstanding Problems in Solar System Plasma Physics: Theory and Instrumentation', J.H. Waite, J.L. Birch and R.L. Moore (eds), Am. Geophysical Union Monograph 54, pp. 187-197 (1989).

"X-ray Calibration of a Virtual Phase 1024 x 1024 CCD,"

R. C. Catura, J. R. Lemen, M. D. Morrison, D. L. Windt, W. C. Jordan, and L. W. Acton, `EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy and Atomic Physics', SPIE Vol. 1159, pp. 578-586 (1989).

"Plasma Diagnostic Capabilities of the Soft X-ray Telescope on Solar-A,"

K. T. Strong, L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, S. L. Claflin, J. R. Lemen, and S. Tsuneta, COSPAR 1990, published in Adv. in Space Res. (1990)

"The O VII Soft X-ray Spectrum and its Application to Hot Plasmas in Astrophysics,"

A. H. Gabriel, F. Bely-Dugau, P. Faucher, and L. W. Acton, Astrophys. J., 378, 438-444, (1991).

"Capabilities and Limitations of Solar-A,"

L. W. Acton and H. S. Hudson, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R.C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 28-36 (1991).

"Radiation Concerns for the Solar-A Soft X-Ray Telescope,"

L. Acton, M. Morrison, J. Janesick, and T. Elliott, `Charge-Coupled Devices and Solar State Optical Sensors', SPIE, Vol. 1447, p. 123 (1991).

"Imaging Capabilities of SXT for Solar-A,"

J. R. Lemen, L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, M. E. Bruner, R. C. Catura, K. T. Strong, and T. Watanabe, Adv. Space Res. (1991).

"SOLAR-A Reformatted Data Files and Observing Log,"

M. D. Morrison, J. R. Lemen, L. W. Acton, R. D. Bentley, T. Kosugi, S. Tsuneta, Y. Ogawara, T. Watanabe, Solar Phys. 136, 105-110 (1991).

"Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT),"

S. Tsuneta and L. W. Acton, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R.C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 18-19 (1991).

"The Soft X-Ray Telescope for the SOLAR-A Mission,"

S. Tsuneta, L. Acton, M. Bruner, J. Lemen, W. Brown, R. Caravalho, R. Catura, S. Freeland, B. Jurcevich, M. Morrison, Y. Ogawara, T. Hirayama, and J. Owens, Solar Phys. 136, 37-67 (1991).

"The Yohkoh Mission for High Energy Solar Physics,"

L. Acton, S. Tsuneta, Y. Ogawara, R. Bentley, M. Bruner, R. Canfield, L. Culhane, G. Doschek, E. Hiei, T. Hirayama, H. Hudson, T. Kosugi, J. Lang, J. Lemen, J. Nishimura, K. Makishima, Y. Uchida, and T. Watanabe, Science 258, 618-625 (1992).

"The Morphology of 20 x 10^6 K Plasma in Large Non-Impulsive Solar Flares,"

L. W. Acton, U. Feldman, M. E. Bruner, G. A. Doschek, T. Hirayama, H. S. Hudson, J. R. Lemen, Y. Ogawara, K. T. Strong, and S. Tsuneta, PASJ 44, L71-L76 (1992).

"The X Flare of 15 November 1991: Coordinated Mees/Yohkoh Observations,"

R. C. Canfield, H. S. Hudson, K. D. Leka, D. L. Mickey, T. R. Metcalf, J.-P. Wuelser, L. W. Acton, K. T. Strong, T. Kosugi, T. Sakao, S. Tsuneta, J. L. Culhane, A. Phillips, and A. Fludra, PASJ 44, L111-L116 (1992).

"High Temperature Plasmas in Active Regions Observed with the Soft X-Ray Telescope aboard Yohkoh,"

H. Hara, S. Tsuneta, J. R. Lemen, L. W. Acton, and J. M. McTiernan, PASJ 44, L135-140 (1992).

"White-Light Flares Observed by Yohkoh,"

H. S. Hudson, L. W. Acton, T. Hirayama, and Y. Uchida, PASJ 44, L77-L82 (1992).

"Effective Geometrical Thickness and Electron Density of a Flare of 1991 December 2 Observed with the Soft X-Ray Telescope of Yohkoh and Coronagraph,"

K. Ichimoto, T. Hirayama, A. Yamaguchi, K. Kumagai, S. Tsuneta, H. Hara, L. W. Acton, and M. E. Bruner, PASJ 44, L117-L122 (1992).

"Comparison between H-alpha and Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Images of Emerging Flux Regions,"

G. Kawai, H. Kurokawa, S. Tsuneta, T. Shimizu, K. Shibata, L. W. Acton, K. T. Strong, and N. Nitta, PASJ 44, L193-L198 (1992).

"Detailed Comparison between H-alpha and Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Images of a Confined Two-Ribbon Flare,"

H. Kurokawa, G. Kawai, R. Kitai, Y. Funakoshi, Y. Nakai, S. Tsuneta, T. Kosugi, S. Enome, L. W. Acton, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L129-L134 (1992).

"The Structure of Coronal Soft X-Ray Source Associated with the Dark Filament Disappearance of 1991 September 28 Using the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope,"

A. McAllister, Y. Uchida, S. Tsuneta, K. T. Strong, L. W. Acton, E. Hiei, M. E. Bruner, Ta. Watanabe, and K. Shibata, PASJ 44, L205-L210 (1992).

"The Status of Yohkoh in Orbit: An Introduction to the Initial Scientific Results,"

Y. Ogawara, L. Acton, R. D. Bentley, M. E. Bruner, J. L. Culhane, E. Hiei, T. Hirayama, H. S. Hudson, T. Kosugi, J. R. Lemen, K. T. Strong, S. Tsuneta, Y. Uchida, T. Watanabe, M. Yoshimori, PASJ 44, L41-L44 (1992).

"Hard X-Ray Imaging Observations by Yohkoh of the 1991 November 15 Solar Flare,"

T. Sakao, T. Kosugi, S. Masuda, M. Inda, K. Makishima, R. C. Canfield, H. S. Hudson, T. R. Metcalf, J.-P. Wuelser, L. W. Acton, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L83-L88 (1992).

"Flare-Related Relaxation of Magnetic Shear as Observed with the Soft X-Ray Telescope of Yohkoh and with Vector Magnetographs,"

T. Sakurai, K. Shibata, K. Ichimoto, S. Tsuneta, and L. W. Acton, PASJ 44, L123-L128 (1992).

"Observations of X-Ray Jets with the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope,"

K. Shibata, Y. Ishido, L. W. Acton, K. T. Strong, T. Hirayama, Y. Uchida, A. H. McAllister, R. Matsumoto, S. Tsuneta, T. Shimizu, H. Hara, T. Sakurai, K. Ichimoto, Y. Nishino, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L173-L180 (1992).

"Transient Brightenings in Active Regions Observed by the Soft X-Ray Telescope on Yohkoh,"

T. Shimizu, S. Tsuneta, L. W. Acton, J. R. Lemen, Y. Uchida, PASJ 44, L147-L154 (1992).

"Observations of a Solar Flare at the Limb with the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope,"

S. Tsuneta, H. Hara, T. Shimizu, L. W. Acton, K. T. Strong, H. S. Hudson, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L63-L70 (1992).

"Global Restructuring of the Coronal Magnetic Fields Observed with Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope,"

S. Tsuneta, T. Takahashi, L. W. Acton, M. E. Bruner, K. Harvey, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L211-214 (1992).

"Coronal/Interplanetary Disturbances Associated with Disappearing Solar Filaments,"

T. Watanabe, Y. Kozuka, M. Ohyama, M. Kojima, K. Yamaguchi, S. Watari, S. Tsuneta, J. A. Joselyn, K. L. Harvey, L. W. Acton, and J. A. Klimchuk, PASJ 44, L199-L204 (1992).

"Rapid Sunspot Motions during a Major Solar Flare,"

B. Anwar, L. W. Acton, H.S. Hudson, M. Makita, A.N. McClymont and S. Tsuneta, Solar Physics 147, 287-303 (1993)

"Yohkoh and the Mysterious Solar Flares,"

C. C. Petersen, M. Bruner, L. Acton and Y. Ogawara, Sky & Telescope 86, 20-25 (Sept 1993).

"An Analytical Model for Fluted Sunspots and a New Interpretation of Evershed Flow and X-ray Anemones,"

by P. C. Martens, N. E. Hurlburt, A. M. Title, and L. W. Acton, Astrophys. J., 403, 780-796 (1993).

"Temperature and Density Structure of the 2 November, 1991 Flare Observed by the Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope and Hard X-ray Telescope,"

J.M.McTiernan, S.R.Kane, J.M.Loran, J.R.Lemen, L.W.Acton, H.Hara, S.Tsuneta and T.Kosugi, The Astrophysical Journal (Letters), 416, L91-93, (1993).

"The 1992 January 5 Flare at 13:30 UT: Observation from Yohkoh,"

G. Doschek, K. Strong, L. Acton, M. Bruner, H. Hudson, T. Metcalf, J.-P. Wuelser, Astrophys. J. 416, 845 (1993).

"General Structure of the X-ray Corona,"

L.W.Acton, in `Solar Coronal Structures', V.Rusin, and J.-C.Vial (eds.), 69-76 IAU colloq. 144, VEDA Publ. Co., Bratislava (1994).

"Morphology of Active Region Transient Brightenings with the YOHKOH Soft X-ray Telescope,"

T. Shimizu, S. Tsuneta, L. Acton, J. Lemen, Y. Ogawara, and Y. Uchida, ApJ, 422, 906-911 (1994).

"The Morphology of the 10(7) K Plasma, I. Nonimpulsive flares,"

U.Feldman, J.Seely, G.Doschek, K.Strong, L.Acton, Y.Uchida, and S.Tsuneta, Ap.J. 424, 444-458 (1994).

"Multispectral Observations of Chromospheric Evaporation in the 1991 November 15 X-Class Solar Flare,"

J.-P. Wuelser, R.C. Canfield, L.W. Acton, J.L. Culhane, A. Phillips, A. Fludra, T. Sakao, S. Masuda, T. Kosugi, S. Tsuneta, Astrophys. J., 424, 459 (1994).

"Temperatures of Coronal Holes Observed with the Yohkoh SXT,"

H. Hara, S. Tsuneta, L. W. Acton, M. E. Bruner, J. R. Lemen, and Y. Ogawara, Publ. Astron.Soc. of Japan 46, 493-502 (1994).

"The Point Spread Function of the Soft X-ray Telescope Aboard Yohkoh,"

P.C. Martens, L.W.Acton and J.R.Lemen, Solar Physics 157, 141-168 (1995).

"Correlated Brightness Variations in Solar Radiative Output from the Photosphere to the Corona,"

J. L. Lean, J. T. Mariska, K. T. Strong, H. S. Hudson, L. W. Acton, G. J. Rottman, T. N. Woods, and R. C. Willson, Geophys. Res. Ltrs. 22, 655-658 (1995).

"The 1991 October 24 Flare: A Challenge for Standard Models,"

J. de La Beaujardiere, R. C. Canfield, H. S. Hudson, J.-P. Wuelser, L. W. Acton, T. Kosugi, and S. Masuda, Astrophys J. 440, 386-393 (1995).

"The band of solar wind variability at low heliographic latitudes near solar activity minimum: Plasma results from the Ulysses rapid latitude scan,"

J. T. Gosling, S. J. Bame, W. C. Feldman, D. J. McComas, J. L. Phillips, B. Goldstein, M. Neugebauer, J. Burkepile, A. J. Hundhausen, and L. Acton, Geophys. Res. Letters, 22, 3329-3332 (1995).

"A high-temperature component in coronal holes observed with Yohkoh SXT,"

Hara, H., Tsuneta, S., Acton, L. W., Bruner, M. E., Lemen, J. R., and Ogawara, Y., Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177), vol. 17, no. 4-5, p. (4/5)231-(4/5)234 (1996).

"Yohkoh/SXT soft X-ray observations of sudden mass loss from the solar corona,"

H.S. Hudson, L.W. Acton, D. Alexander, S.L. Freeland, J.R. Lemen, and K.L. Harvey, published in Proceedings of Solar Wind 8, Dana Pt., CA, June 25-30, 1995, AIP Conf. Proc., 382, 88, 1996.

"The solar origins of two high-latitude interplanetary disturbances,"

H.S. Hudson, L.W. Acton, D. Alexander, K.L. Harvey, S.W. Kahler, H. Kurokawa, and J.R. Lemen, published in Proceedings of Solar Wind 8, Dana Pt., CA, June 25-30, 1995, AIP Conf. Proc., 382, 84, 1996.

"The solar origins of two high-latitude interplanetary disturbances,"

H.S. Hudson, L.W. Acton, D. Alexander, K.L. Harvey, S.W. Kahler, H. Kurokawa, and J.R. Lemen, To be published in Proceedings of Solar Wind 8, Dana Pt., CA, June 25-30, 1995.

"Solar Identification of Solar-Wind Disturbances observed at Ulysses,"

J.R. Lemen, L.W. Acton, D. Alexander, A.B. Galvin, K.L. Harvey, J.T. Hoeksema, X. Zhao, and H.S. Hudson, published in Proceedings of Solar Wind 8, Dana Pt., CA, June 25-30, 1995, AIP Conf. Proc., 382, 92, 1996.

"Statistical Study of Solar X-ray Jets Observed with the Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope,"

M. Shimojo, S. Hashimoto, K. Shibata, T. Hirayama, H. Hudson, and L. Acton, Publ. Astr. Soc. Japan 48, 123-136 (1996).

"Spectral averaging of the point spread function for Yohkoh's SXT,"

D. C. Weston and L. W. Acton, Solar Physics 168, 215-217 (1996)

"Reconnection and field line shrinkage in solar flares,"

Forbes, T. G., and Acton, L. W., Astrophys. J. 459, 330-341 (1996).

"A long-duration solar flare with mass ejection and global consequences,"

H.S. Hudson, L.W. Acton, and S.L. Freeland, Astrophysical J. 470, 629-635 (1996).

"YOHKOH soft x-ray telescope images of the diffuse solar corona,"

P.A. Sturrock, M.S. Wheatland, and L.W. Acton, Astrophys. J. (Letters), 461, L1-L100 (1996)

"Coronal structures, local and global,"

L.W. Acton, Proc. IAU Colloquium 153 on Magnetodynamic Phenomena in the Solar Atmosphere -- Prototypes of Stellar Magnetic Activity, Y. Uchida, H. Hudson, T. Kosugi, eds., Kluwer, pp. 1-12 (1996)

"Comparison of Yohkoh x-ray and other solar activity parameters for November 1991 to November 1995,"

L.W. Acton, publ. in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun," eds. R. Pallavicini and A.K. Dupree, Astron. Soc. of the Pacific Conference Ser., vol. 109, pp 45-54, (1996).

"Coronal Heating and the Vertical Temperature Structure of the Quiet Corona,"

M. S. Wheatland, P. A. Sturrock, and L. W. Acton, ApJ, vol. 482, pp. 510-518, (1997).

"Fine Structure of the X-ray and Radio Emissions of the Quiet Solar Corona,"

A. O. Benz, S. Krucker, L. W. Acton, and T. S. Bastian, Astron. & Astrophys., 320, 993-1000, (1997).

"X-ray network flares of the quiet sun,"

S. Krucker, A. O. Benz, T. S. Bastian, and L. W. Acton, ApJ, vol. 488, pp 499-505, (1997).

"Yohkoh Soft X-ray Determination of Plasma Parameters in a Polar Coronal Hole,"

C. A. Foley, J. L. Culhane, and L. W. Acton, ApJ, vol. 491, pp. 933-938, (1997).

"Limb Events Observed by Yohkoh and Coronal Mass Ejections: A Filamentary Soft X-ray Structure on 5 October 1996,"

S. Watari, T. Tatanabe, L. W. Acton, and H. S. Hudson, Publications of the 5th SoHO Workshop, Oslo, Norway, 17-19 June 1997.

"Solar origin of the 26-day periodicity observed by Ulysses,"

T. Bai, J. T. Hoeksema, M. Weber and L. W. Acton, JGR, 102, 9793-9799 (1997).

"The Nature of the Heating Mechanism for the Diffuse Corona,"

E. R. Priest, T. D. Arber, C. A. Foley, J. Heyvaerts, J. L. Culhane and L. W. Acton, Nature, vol. 393, p. 545 (1998).

"Nitric Oxide Abundance in the Mesosphere/Lower Thermosphere Region: Roles of Solar Soft X Rays, Suprathermal N(4S) Atoms, and Vertical Transport,"

P. K. Swaminathan, D. F. Strobel, D. G. Kupperman, C. Krishna Kumar, L. Acton, R. DeMajistre, J. -H. Yee, L. Paxton, D. E. Anderson, D. J. Strickland, and J. W. Duff, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 103, pp. 11,579-11,594 (1998).

"Studies of Coronal Temperature,"

L. W. Acton, J. R. Lemen in, Observational Plasma Astrophysics: Five Years of Yohkoh and Beyond, T. Watanabe, T. Kosugi and A. Sterling (eds), Kluwer Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Netherlands, 15-17 (1998).

"Physical Structure of a Coronal Streamer in the Closed-Field Region as Observed from UVCS/SOHO and SXT/Yohkoh,"

J. Li, J. C. Raymonnd, L. W. Acton, J. L. Kohl, M. Romoli, G. Noci, G. Naletto, ApJ, vol. 506, pp. 431-438, (1998).

"Super-X: A Soft X-ray Telescope for Solar-B,"

L. Acton, J. Bookbinder, M. Bruner, L. Golub, J. Lemen, SPIE Vol. 3442, 140-149, (1998).

"A Stable Filament Cavity with a Hot Core,"

H. S. Hudson, L. W. Acton, K. L. Harvey, D. E. McKenzie, ApJ Letters, Vol. 513, pp. L83-L86 (1999).

"Deriving solar X ray irradiance from Yohkoh observations,"

Acton, L. W., Weston, D. C. and Bruner, M. E., J. Geophys. Res., vol. 104, pp. 14,827-14,832 (1999).

"A Method for Characterizing Rotation Rates in the Soft X-ray Corona,"

M.A. Weber, L.W. Acton, D. Alexander, S. Kubo, and H. Hara, Solar Physics, 189, 271 (1999).

"The Transition Region and Coronal Explorer,"

Handy, B.N., Acton, L.W., and 46 others, Solar Physics, 187, 229-260 (1999).

"Simultaneous SOHO and Yohkoh Observations of a Small Solar Active Region,"

Griffiths, N.W., Fisher, G.H., Woods, D.T., Acton, L.W., & Siegmund, O.H.W., ApJ, Vol. 537, 481-494 (2000).

"Global Solar Corona Revealed by Time Series Observations,"

Jing Li, J. Kuhn, B. LaBonte, J. C. Raymond, and L. W. Acton, ApJ, Vol 538, 415-423 (2000).

"Jovian X-ray Emission from Solar X-ray Scattering,"

A. Maurellis, T. E. Cravens, G. R. Gladstone, L. W. Acton, Geophys. Res. Letters, Vol. 27, 1339, (2000).

"A Method to Determine the Heating Mechanisms of the Solar Corona,"

E.R. Priest, C.R. Foley, J. Heyvaerts, T.D. Arber, D. Mackay, J. L. Culhane, and L.W. Acton, ApJ., Vol. 539, 1002-1022 (2000).

"Temperature tomography of the soft X-ray corona: measurements of electron densities, temperatures, and differential emission measure distributions above the limb,"

M.J. Aschwanden and L.W. Acton, ApJ, Vol. 550, 475-492 (2001).

"Model update for mesospheric/thermospheric nitric oxide,"

P.K. Swaminathan, D.F. Strobel, L. Acton, and L. J. Paxton, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part C, Vol 26/7, pp 535-539, (2001).

"Soft X-ray Luminosity and Photospheric Magnetic Field in Quiet Sun,"

A. A. Pevtsov and L. W. Acton, ApJ., Vol. 554, 416-423, (2001).

"The Active Sun,"

D. Alexander and L Acton, chapter in The Century of Space Science, Vol. II, p. 1089, eds. J. A. M. Bleeker, J. Geiss, and M. C. E. Huber, Kluwer, Dordrecht/Boston/London (2001).

"Solar Extreme Ultraviolet and X-ray Irradiance Variations,"

Published in the AGU monograph titled Solar Variability and Its Effect on Earth's Atmospheric and Climate System, and edited by J. Pap, C. Frohlich, H. Hudson, J. Kuhn, J. McCormack, G. North, W. Sprig, and S. T. Wu, (2002).

"Persistent Coronal Streamers and the Identification of Sunspot Clusters,"

Jing Li, B. LaBonte, L. Acton and G. Slater, ApJ., Vol. 565, 1289-1297 (2002).

"The Relationship Between X-Ray Radiance and Magnetic Flux,"

A. A. Pevtsov, G. H. Fisher, L. W. Acton, D. W. Longcope, C. M. Johns-Krull, Charles Kankelborg, T. R. Metcalf, ApJ., Vol. 598, 1387-1391 (2003).

"The EUV Unresolved Corona,"

J.W. Cirtain, P.C.H. Martens, M. Weber, and L.W. Acton, Solar Phys., 235, 295-316 (2006).